Molecular Detection of B1 Gene from Blood Samples of Iraqi Diabetic Type II Patients Infected with Toxoplasmosis

Abstract

Many of warm-blooded birds and mammals, including human, are susceptible to infect with toxoplasmosis that caused by the ubiquitous intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which is present across the planet. The nested PCR technique has proven to have a good capacity and sensitivity for toxoplasmosis detection when compared to other PCR procedures. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated to be far more economical. Type II diabetes is primarily caused by a gradual decline in insulin production and insulin resistance. This study is objected to detect the gene B1 of T. gondii in blood samples of Iraqi diabetic type II patients by using the molecular assay nested-PCR. One hundred-nine of blood samples from Iraqi type II diabetes patients and 80 blood samples from non-diabetic control volunteers were compared in the study. All of the samples were collected in March and June of 2022 from a private laboratory in Baghdad, Iraq. According to the findings of the diabetic diagnostic tests, the group of patients with diabetes had the highest mean of glycated haemoglobin 7.9. Moreover, 30/80 (15.87%) cases of non-diabetic control were sera-positive that had 32.7 ± 8.45 UI/mL for the anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody in the CMIA assay, whereas 51/109 (26.98%) samples of the group of diabetic patients were sera-positive to toxoplasmosis with a titer of 34.95 ± 7.5 UI/mL for the same antibody in the same assay. While, all samples were sera-negative in CMIA for acute toxoplasmosis IgM antibody. Additionally, 11/25 (44%) of diabetic patients infected with toxoplasmosis were positive for gene B1 detection in the nested PCR. As well as, 7/20 (35%) of toxoplasmosis asymptomatic considered control positive were also positive for the same detection. This indicate that the B1 gene of T. gondii was detected by nested PCR technique in a small percentage of the studied samples.